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Date: Mon, 23 Dec 2002 18:05:08 -0500
From: Anthony Lawrence <tony@pcunix.com>
Subject: Re: ipfilter security
References: <d4e3407b.0212231247.22f5c291@posting.google.com>
Fernando Ronci wrote:
> Hi,
>
> Why do many "security" people (not here though) claim that the sole
> use of ipfilter as a firewall is not enough, and that the whole
> system's security can be compromised ?
I'm not sure people have said exactly that.
For example, what I have said more than once is that I don't think
production servers should be directly attached to the net. I think they
should always be reached only through one or more other firewalls that
are doing nothing BUT act as a filter for the internal machines. That's
not to say that the internal machines shouldn't also be configured
securely (as though they were directly connected - in other words,
non-essential services shut off, security patches reasonably current,
packet filtering in place etc.).
There are several reasons I hold that opinion:

o More security is always better than less. Important resources should
have better protection.
o Internal servers are apt to lag behind in patches and OS updates
simply because such things may affect critical apps running theron.
Firewalls that do nothing but security won't be crippled by that need.
o Internal servers are apt to lag behind in patches and OS updates
because financial people don't want to spend money on something that
works. It's easier (and often cheaper for various reasons) to keep a
separate firewall up to date than an internal production server. For example,
an OS update that would affect security might cost much more than
upgrading a firewall for the same fix because the server may require
costly application updates.
o People hate to take down internal servers to do updates because it
affects real work. Often you can live without the internet for a few
hours but not without the production server, so updates get delayed.
o Internal servers are more subject to accidental security problems such
as incorrect permissions. This is often done (again) in the interests
of making applications easier.
o Internal servers are quite apt to have dozens of accounts with weak
passwords. It's generally easier to enforce strong password policy for
external access. Such access can also be limited to only the accounts
that reallly need it. Joe has to login 2 or 3 times if he's coming in
remotely, but he won't usually object to that as much as having a long
internal password. And if he does object, it's an easier battle to fight.
o Internal servers are (obviously) already open for access to inside
people who can accidentally or on purpose open up more access by their
actions. It's often necessary or expedient to give relatively
unsophisticated users some system level access for routine maintenance.
Such access is not necessary on a dedicated firewall.
o Internal servers may need to advertise services that are dangerous on
the Internet. Yes, you can and should filter those services but even
better is not even have them ever get near the outside world in the
first place. If services are accidentally turned on, or local filter
rules forgot to account for the outside world, it won't matter if the
firewall is rigorously blocking everything that is not explicitly allowed.
I'm sure there is more others can add, but this should be enough. In my
opinion, it's just dumb to have an internal server with a public interface.
--
Tony Lawrence
Free Linux Skills Test: http://aplawrence.com/skillstest.html
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